“Researchers use new techniques to investigate the nature violence (News-Medical-Net)” plus 1 more

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Researchers use new techniques to investigate the nature violence (News-Medical-Net) Posted: 22 Feb 2010 01:25 AM PST Message from fivefilters.org: If you can, please donate to the full-text RSS service so we can continue developing it. Douglas J. Wiebe, PhD, assistant professor of Epidemiology at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine will present portions of an ongoing study about the daily activities of youth and their risk of being violently injured. Violent injury, the second leading cause of death among US youth, appears to be the end result of a web of factors including alcohol, weapons, and dangerous urban environments. Using new techniques, a team led by Dr. Wiebe is investigating how the nature and whereabouts of daily activities relate to the likelihood of violent injury among youth. Injured youth are recruited during hospital treatment; uninjured controls are recruited from households across Philadelphia using random digit dialing. Laptop-based, portable mapping technology is used to interview each youth and construct a graphic, minute-by-minute record of how, when, where, and with whom youths spent time or moved about over the 24-hour time period leading up to their injury. Each youth also reports their activities, including use of alcohol and weapons at each point throughout the same day. Characteristics of streets, buildings, and neighborhood populations are then linked to each point in their daily activities. "The ultimate goal is to inform communities of place-based risk factors and identify opportunities to make communities safer," says Wiebe. "Simply put, where youth go throughout their day influences the opportunities they have to get hurt. The goal is to identify the most high risk places." The hope is that this type of information can be used to better design and revitalize urban environments for safety. Source: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Five Filters featured article: Chilcot Inquiry. Available tools: PDF Newspaper, Full Text RSS, Term Extraction.

Health Worker Training Program Cuts Stillbirths By 30% In 6 Developing Countries, Study Says (Medical News Today) Posted: 22 Feb 2010 04:26 AM PST Message from fivefilters.org: If you can, please donate to the full-text RSS service so we can continue developing it. Main Category: Pregnancy / Obstetrics Also Included In: Nursing / Midwifery;  Primary Care / General Practice;  Pediatrics / Children's Health Article Date: 22 Feb 2010 - 1:00 PST email to a friend   printer friendly   view / write opinions The rate of stillbirths was cut by more than 30 percent after health workers in rural parts of six developing countries were trained "in how to help a newborn start breathing and to keep it warm and clean," according to a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, Reuters reports. The trainees - who included midwives, nurses, traditional birth attendants and physicians - were given "hand-held pumps and masks to fill babies' lungs with air if they were not breathing at birth, clean-delivery kits to prevent infection and scales to measure their weight," the news service writes. "The attendants were taught how to weigh low-weight babies, who are vulnerable, and ensure they fed properly in the first days after delivery," Reuters writes. They were also taught about proper birth hygiene and shown how to use skin-to-skin contact with the mother to keep the baby warm (Fox, 2/17). "The randomized, controlled trial included 62,366 infants in six countries: Argentina, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Guatemala, India, Pakistan and Zambia," CBC News reports. "One health-care worker from each country travelled to the U.S. to learn the techniques and then returned home to train others until 3,600 rural health-care workers were reached," according to CBC News. At the conclusion of the trial, researchers found that stillbirths dropped from 23 per 1,000 births to 16 per 1,000. According to the WHO, there are more than three million still births worldwide each year. CBC News continues: "Given the way the study was designed, researchers can't say for certain that it was the training that led to a reduction in stillbirths. But the researchers believe the improvements occurred among infants who had not drawn a breath on their own and would have been misidentified as stillbirths before birth attendants received the training" (2/17). Waldemar Carlo of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, who led the study, said the work is a "breakthrough" because of the assumed difficulty of training many health workers, Reuters reports. "If implemented worldwide, such an intervention could markedly reduce perinatal mortality," Carlo said. According to Reuters, the training program "did not affect how many live-born babies died in the first week but it slashed the rate of stillbirths." The research was funded by the U.S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (2/17). This information was reprinted from globalhealth.kff.org with kind permission from the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. You can view the entire Kaiser Daily Global Health Policy Report, search the archives and sign up for email delivery at globalhealth.kff.org. © Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. All rights reserved. Five Filters featured article: Chilcot Inquiry. Available tools: PDF Newspaper, Full Text RSS, Term Extraction.

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